OFFICIAL
VOLLEYBALL RULES
2005
REGLES OFFICIELLES
DU VOLLEYBALL
2005
New Edition • Nouvelle Edition
Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
Av. de la Gare 12 - 1001 Lausanne - Switzerland
Tel. +41 (21) 345 35 35 - Fax +45 (21) 345 35 45
Email: info@fivb.org
www.fivb.org
OFFICIAL
VOLLEYBALL RULES
REGLES OFFICIELLES
DU VOLLEYBALL
New Edition • Nouvelle Edition
2005
OFFICIAL
VOLLEYBALL RULES
APPROVED BY THE
© Fédération Internationale de Volleyball
MEMO
REGLES OFFICIELLES
DU VOLLEYBALL
APPROUVEES PAR LA FIVB
OFFICIAL VOLLEYBALL RULES APPROVED BY
THE FIVB
TABLE DES MATIERES
CONTENTS
CHARACTERISTIQUES DU JEU
53
GAME CHARACTERISTICS
11
PHILOSOPHE DES REGLES
ET DE L’ARBITRAGE
54
PHILOSOPHY OF RULES
AND REFEREEING
12
LE JEU
THE GAME
CHAPITRE PREMIER
Installations et équipement
CHAPTER ONE
Facilities and Equipment
1.
AIRE DE JEU
58
1.
PLAYING AREA
16
1.1
DIMENSIONS
58
1.1
DIMENSIONS
16
1.2
SURFACE DE JEU
58
1.2
PLAYING SURFACE
16
1.3
LIGNES DU TERRAIN
58
1.3
LINES ON THE COURT
16
1.4
ZONES ET AIRES
59
1.4
ZONES AND AREAS
17
1.5
TEMPERATURE
60
1.5
TEMPERATURE
17
1.6
ECLAIRAGE
60
1.6
LIGHTING
17
2.
FILET ET POTEAUX
60
2.
NET AND POSTS
18
2.1
HAUTEUR DU FILET
60
2.1
HEIGHT OF THE NET
18
2.2
STRUCTURE
60
2.2
STRUCTURE
18
2.3
BANDES DE COTE
60
2.3
SIDE BANDS
18
2.4
ANTENNES
60
2.4
ANTENNAE
18
2.5
POTEAUX
61
2.5
POSTS
19
2.6
EQUIPEMENT COMPLEMENTAIRE
61
2.6
ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
19
3.
BALLONS
61
3.
BALLS
19
3.1
NORMES
61
3.1
STANDARDS
19
3.2
UNIFORMITE DES BALLONS
61
3.2
UNIFORMITY OF BALLS
19
3.3
SYSTEME DES TROIS BALLONS
62
3.3
THREE-BALL SYSTEM
19
CHAPITRE DEUX
Participants
CHAPTER TWO
Participants
4.
EQUIPES
62
4.
TEAMS
20
4.1
COMPOSITION DES EQUIPES
62
4.1
TEAM COMPOSITION
20
4.2
PLACE DES PARTICIPANTS
62
4.2
LOCATION OF THE TEAM
20
4.3
EQUIPEMENT
62
4.3
EQUIPMENT
20
4.4
CHANGEMENT D’EQUIPEMENTS
63
4.4
CHANGE OF EQUIPMENT
21
4.5
OBJETS INTERDITS
63
4.5
FORBIDDEN OBJECTS
21
5.
RESPONSABLES DES EQUIPES
64
5.
TEAM LEADERS
22
5.1
CAPITAINE
64
5.1
CAPTAIN
22
5.2
ENTRAINEUR
64
5.2
COACH
22
5.3
ENTRAINEUR ADJOINT
65
5.3
ASSISTANT COACH
23
CHAPITRE TROIS
Formule de jeu
CHAPTER THREE
Playing Format
6.
POUR MARQUER UN POINT,
REMPORTER UN SET ET LE MATCH
66
6.
TO SCORE A POINT,
TO WIN A SET AND THE MATCH
24
6.1
POUR MARQUER UN POINT
66
6.1
TO SCORE A POINT
24
6.2
POUR GAGNER UN SET
66
6.2
TO WIN A SET
24
6.3
POUR GAGNER LE MATCH
66
6.3
TO WIN THE MATCH
24
6.4
FORFAIT ET EQUIPE INCOMPLETE
66
6.4
DEFAULT AND INCOMPLETE TEAM
24
7.
STRUCTURE DU JEU
67
7.
STRUCTURE OF PLAY
25
7.1
TIRAGE AU SORT
67
7.1
THE TOSS
25
7.2
SEANCE D’ECHAUFFEMENT
67
7.2
WARM-UP SESSION
25
7.3
FORMATION DE DEPART DES EQUIPES
67
7.3
TEAM STARTING LINE-UP
25
7.4
POSITIONS
68
7.4
POSITIONS
26
7.5
FAUTE DE POSITION
69
7.5
POSITIONAL FAULT
26
7.6
ROTATION
69
7.6
ROTATION
27
7.7
FAUTE DE ROTATION
69
7.7
ROTATIONAL FAULT
27
CHAPITRE QUATRE
Actions de jeu
CHAPTER FOUR
Playing Actions
8.
SITUATIONS DE JEU
70
8.
STATES OF PLAY
28
8.1
BALLON EN JEU
70
8.1
BALL IN PLAY
28
8.2
BALLON HORS JEU
70
8.2
BALL OUT OF PLAY
28
8.3
BALLON “DEDANS” (IN)
70
8.3
BALL “IN”
28
8.4
BALLON “DEHORS” (OUT)
70
8.4
BALL “OUT”
28
9.
JOUER LE BALLON
70
9.
PLAYING THE BALL
28
9.1
TOUCHES D’EQUIPE
70
9.1
TEAM HITS
28
9.2
CARACTERISTIQUES DE LA TOUCHE DU BALLON
71
9.2
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIT
29
9.3
FAUTES EN JOUANT LE BALLON
71
9.3
FAULTS IN PLAYING THE BALL
29
10.
BALLON EN DIRECTION DU FILET
72
10.
BALL AT THE NET
330
10.1
PASSAGE DU BALLON
AU-DESSUS DU FILET
72
10.1
BALL CROSSING THE NET
30
10.2
BALLON TOUCHANT LE FILET
72
10.2
BALL TOUCHING THE NET
30
10.3
BALLON DANS LE FILET
72
10.3
BALL IN THE NET
30
11.
JOUEUR AU FILET
72
11.
PLAYER AT THE NET
30
11.1
FRANCHISSEMENT
AU-DESSUS DU FILET
72
11.1
REACHING BEYOND THE NET
30
11.2
PENETRATION SOUS LE FILET
72
11.2
PENETRATION UNDER THE NET
30
11.3
CONTACT AVEC LE FILET
72
11.3
CONTACT WITH THE NET
30
11.4
FAUTES DU JOUEUR AU FILET
72
11.4
PLAYER’S FAULTS AT THE NET
30
12.
SERVICE
73
12.
SERVICE
31
12.1
PREMIER SERVICE D’UN SET
73
12.1
FIRST SERVICE IN A SET
31
12.2
ORDRE AU SERVICE
74
12.2
SERVICE ORDER
32
12.3
AUTORISATION DU SERVICE
74
12.3
AUTHORIZATION OF THE SERVICE
32
12.4
EXECUTION DU SERVICE
74
12.4
EXECUTION OF THE SERVICE
32
12.5
ECRAN
74
12.5
SCREENING
32
12.6
FAUTES EFFECTUEES PENDANT LE SERVICE
74
12.6
FAULTS MADE DURING THE SERVICE
32
12.7
FAUTES EFFECTUEES APRES LE SERVICE
ET FAUTES DE POSITION
75
12.7
FAULTS MADE AFTER THE SERVICE AND POSITIONAL FAULTS
33
13.
FRAPPE D’ATTAQUE
75
13.
ATTACK HIT
33
13.1
FRAPPE D’ATTAQUE
75
13.1
ATTACK HIT
33
13.2
RESTRICTIONS DE LA FRAPPE D’ATTAQUE
75
13.2
RESTRICTIONS OF THE ATTACK HIT
33
13.3
FAUTES DE FRAPPE D’ATTAQUE
76
13.3
FAULTS OF THE ATTACK HIT
34
14.
CONTRE
76
14.
BLOCK
34
14.1
CONTRER
76
14.1
BLOCKING
34
14.2
TOUCHES DE CONTRE
76
14.2
BLOCK CONTACT
34
14.3
CONTRE DANS L’ESPACE ADVERSE
76
14.3
BLOCKING WITHIN THE
OPPONENT’S SPACE
34
14.4
CONTRE ET TOUCHES D’EQUIPE
76
14.4
BLOCK AND TEAM HITS
34
14.5
CONTRER LE SERVICE
77
14.5
BLOCKING THE SERVICE
35
14.6
FAUTES AU CONTRE
77
14.6
BLOCKING FAULTS
35
CHAPITRE CINQ
Interruptions et retards
CHAPTER FIVE
Interruptions and Delays
15.
INTERRUPTIONS DE JEU
REGLEMENTAIRES
78
15.
REGULAR GAME INTERRUPTIONS
36
15.1
NOMBRE D’INTERRUPTIONS
REGLEMENTAIRES
78
15.1
NUMBER OF REGULAR
INTERRUPTIONS
36
15.2
DEMANDE D’INTERRUPTIONS REGLEMENTAIRES
78
15.2
REQUEST FOR REGULAR
INTERRUPTIONS
36
15.3
SEQUENCE D’INTERRUPTIONS
78
15.3
SEQUENCE OF INTERRUPTIONS
36
15.4
TEMPS-MORTS ET TEMPS-MORTS TECHNIQUES
78
15.4
TIME-OUTS AND TECHNICAL
TIME-OUTS
36
15.5
REMPLACEMENT DES JOUEURS
79
15.5
SUBSTITUTION OF PLAYERS
37
15.6
LIMITATION DES REMPLACEMENTS
79
15.6
LIMITATION OF SUBSTITUTIONS
37
15.7
REMPLACEMENT EXCEPTIONNEL
79
15.7
EXCEPTIONAL SUBSTITUTION
37
15.8
REMPLACEMENT SUITE A UNE EXPULSION
OU UNE DISQUALIFICATION
79
15.8
SUBSTITUTION FOR EXPULSION OR DISQUALIFICATION
37
15.9
REMPLACEMENT IRREGULIER
79
15.9
ILLEGAL SUBSTITUTION
37
15.10
SUBSTITUTION PROCEDURE
80
15.10
SUBSTITUTION PROCEDURE
37
15..11
IMPROPER REQUEST
80
15.11
IMPROPER REQUEST
38
16.
RETARDS DE JEU
80
16.
GAME DELAYS
38
16.1
TYPES DE RETARDS
80
16.1
TYPES OF DELAYS
38
16.2
SANCTIONS POUR RETARD
81
16.2
DELAY SANCTIONS
38
17.
INTERRUPTIONS DE
JEU EXCEPTIONNELLES
81
17.
EXCEPTIONAL GAME
INTERRUPTIONS
39
17.1
BLESSURE
81
17.1
INJURY
39
17.2
INCIDENT EXTERIEUR AU JEU
81
17.2
EXTERNAL INTERFERENCE
39
17.3
INTERRUPTIONS PROLONGEES
81
17.3
PROLONGED INTERRUPTIONS
39
18.
ARRETS ENTRE LES SETS ET CHANGEMENT DE CAMP
82
18.
INTERVALS AND CHANGE
OF COURTS
40
18.1
ARRETS ENTRE LES SETS
82
18.1
INTERVALS
40
18.2
CHANGEMENT DE CAMP
82
18.2
CHANGE OF COURTS
40
CHAPITRE SIX
Le Joueur Libéro
CHAPTER SIX
The Libero Player
19.
LE JOUEUR LIBERO
83
19.
THE LIBERO PLAYER
41
19.1
DESIGNATION DU LIBERO
83
19.1
DESIGNATION OF THE LIBERO
41
19.2
EQUIPEMENT
83
19.2
EQUIPMENT
41
19.3
ACTIONS PERMISES AU LIBERO
83
19.3
ACTIONS INVOLVING THE LIBERO
41
CHAPITRE SEPT
Conduite des participants
CHAPTER SEVEN
Participants’ Conduct
20.
CONDUITE EXIGEE
85
20.
REQUIREMENTS OF CONDUCT
43
20.1
CONDUITE SPORTIVE
85
20.1
SPORTSMANLIKE CONDUCT
43
20.2
FAIR PLAY
85
20.2
FAIR PLAY
43
21.
COMPORTEMENT INCORRECT
ET SANCTIONS
85
21.
MISCONDUCT AND ITS
SANCTIONS
43
21.1
COMPORTEMENT INCORRECT MINEUR
85
21.1
MINOR MISCONDUCT
43
21.2
COMPORTEMENT INCORRECT
ENTRAINANT DES SANCTIONS 85
21.2
MISCONDUCT LEADING TO
SANCTIONS
43
21.3
ECHELLE DES SANCTIONS
85
21.3
SANCTION SCALE
43
21.4
APPLICATION DES SANCTIONS POUR COMPORTEMENT INCORRECT
86
21.4
APPLICATION OF MISCONDUCT SANCTIONS
44
21.5
COMPORTEMENT INCORRECT AVANT ET ENTRE LES SETS
86
21.5
MISCONDUCT BEFORE AND
BETWEEN SETS
44
21.6
CARTONS DE PENALITE
86
21.6
SANCTION CARDS
44
LES ARBITRES,
LEURS RESPONSABILITES
ET GESTES OFFICIELS
CHAPITRE HUIT
Arbitres
THE REFEREES,
THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES
AND OFFICIAL SIGNALS
CHAPTER EIGHT
Referees
22.
CORPS ARBITRAL ET PROCEDURES
88
22.
REFEREEING CORPS AND PROCEDURES
46
22.1
COMPOSITION
88
22.1
COMPOSITION
46
22.2
PROCEDURES
88
22.2
PROCEDURES
46
23.
PREMIER ARBITRE
89
23.
FIRST REFEREE
47
23.1
EMPLACEMENT
89
23.1
LOCATION
47
23.2
AUTORITE
89
23.2
AUTHORITY
47
23.3
RESPONSABILITES
89
23.3
RESPONSIBILITIES
47
24.
SECOND ARBITRE
90
24.
SECOND REFEREE
48
24.1
EMPLACEMENT
90
24.1
LOCATION
48
24.2
AUTORITE
90
24.2
AUTHORITY
48
24.3
RESPONSABILITES
91
24.3
RESPONSIBILITIES
49
25.
MARQUEUR
91
25.
SCORER
49
25.1
EMPLACEMENT
91
25.1
LOCATION
49
25.2
RESPONSABILITES
91
25.2
RESPONSIBILITIES
49
26.
MARQUEUR ADJOINT
92
26.
ASSISTANT SCORER
50
EMPLACEMENT
92
26.1
LOCATION
50
RESPONSABILITES
92
26.2
RESPONSIBILITIES
50
27.
JUGES DE LIGNE
93
27.
LINE JUDGES
51
27.1
EMPLACEMENT
93
27.1
LOCATION
51
27.2
RESPONSABILITES
93
27.2
RESPONSIBILITIES
51
28.
GESTES OFFICIELS
94
28.
OFFICIAL SIGNALS
52
28.1
GESTES OFFICIELS DES ARBITRES
94
28.1
REFEREES’ HAND SIGNALS
52
28.2
GESTES OFFICIELS DES JUGES DE LIGNE
94
28.2
LINE JUDGES’ FLAG SIGNALS
52
SECTION II
SECTION III
PLANS ET ILLUSTRATIONS
95
DIAGRAMS
95
Fig.
D.
1a
Aire de compétition
96
1a
Competition Area
96
1b
L’aire de jeu
97
1b
The Playing Area
97
2
Le terrain de jeu
98
2
The Playing Court
98
3
Dessin du filet
99
3
Design of the Net
99
4
Position des joueurs
100
4
Position of Players
100
5
Ballon traversant le plan vertical du filet en direction du camp adverse
101
5
Ball Crossing the Vertical Plane
of the Net to the Opponent Court
101
6
Écran collectif
102
6
Collective Screen
102
7
Contre effectif
102
7
Completed Block
102
8
Attaque d’un arrière
103
8
Back Row Player’s Attack
103
9
Échelle des sanctions
104
9
Sanction Scales
104
10
Emplacement du corps arbitral et de leurs assistants
105
10
Location of the Refereeing Corps and their Assistants
105
11
Gestes officiels des arbitres
108
11
Referees’ Official Hand Signals
108
12
Gestes officiels des juges de ligne
109
12
Linejudges’ Official Flag Signals
109
Définitions
116
Definitions
116
MEMO
11
GAME CHARACTERISTICS
Volleyball is a sport played by two teams on a playing court divided by a net. There are different, versions available for specific circumstances
in order to offer the versatility of the game to everyone.
The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent. The team has three hits for returning the ball (in addition to the block contact).
The ball is put in play with a service: hit by the server over the net to the opponents. The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes “out” or a team fails to return it properly.
In Volleyball, the team winning a rally scores a point (Rally Point System). When the receiving
team wins a rally, it gains a point and the right to serve, and its players rotate one position clockwise.
12
Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
PART 1
Philosophy of Rules and Refereeing
Introduction
Volleyball is one of the most successful and popular competitive and recreational sports in the world. It is fast, it is exciting and the action is explosive. Yet volleyball comprises
several crucial overlapping elements whose complimentary interactions render it unique amongst rally games:
In recent years the FIVB has made great strides in adapting the game to a modern audience.
This text is aimed at a broad volleyball public - players, coaches, referees, spectators, or commentators for the following reasons:
- understanding the rules allows better play - coaches can create better team structure and tactics, allowing players full rein to display their skills;
- understanding the relationship between rules allows officials
to make better decisions.
This introduction at first focuses on volleyball as a competitive sport, before setting out to identify the main qualities required for successful refereeing.
Volleyball is a Competitive Sport
Competition taps latent strengths. It exhibits the best of ability, spirit, creativity and aesthetics. The rules are structured to allow all of these qualities. With a few exceptions, volleyball allows all players to operate both at the net (in attack) and in the back of the court (to defend or serve).
William Morgan, the game’s creator, would still recognize it because volleyball has retained
certain distinctive and essential elements over the years. Some of these it shares with other net/ ball/ racquet games:
- service;
- rotation (taking turns to serve);
- attack;
- defence.
VOLLEYBALL RULES 2005 – 2008
Service
Rotation
Jumping Power
Explosive action
Attack
Defense
VOLLEY
PASSING
TEAM
GAME
DIVIDED
COURTS
13
RULE
SEE RULE
Volleyball is, however, unique amongst net games in insisting that the ball is in constant flight – a “flying ball” - and by allowing each team a degree of internal passing before the ball must be returned to the opponents.
The introduction of a specialist defensive player – the Libero – has moved the game forward
in terms of rally length and multi-phase play. Modifications to the service rule have changed the act of service from simply a means of putting the ball in play to an offensive weapon.
The concept of rotation is entrenched to allow for all-round athletes. The rules on player positions must permit teams to have flexibility and to create interesting developments in tactics.
Competitors use this framework to contest techniques, tactics and power. The framework also allows players a freedom of expression to enthuse spectators and viewers.
And the image of volleyball is increasingly a good one.
As the game evolves, there is no doubt that it will change – even better, stronger and faster.
The Referee within this Framework
The essence of a good official lies in the concept of fairness and consistency:
- to be fair to every participant
- to be viewed as fair by the spectators.
This demands a huge element of trust – the referee must be trusted to allow the players to entertain:
- by being accurate in his/her judgement
- by understanding why the rule is written
- by being an efficient organiser
- by allowing the competition to flow and by directing it to a conclusion
- by being an educator – using the rules to penalise the unfair or admonish the impolite;
- by promoting the game – that is, by allowing the spectacular elements in the game to shine and the best players to do what they do best: entertain the public
Finally we can say that a good referee will use the rules to make the competition a fulfilling experience for all concerned.
To those who have read so far, view the Rules which follow as the current state of development
of a great game, but keep in mind why these preceding few paragraphs may be of equal importance to you in your own position within the sport.
Get involved!
Keep the ball flying!
MEMO
15
RULE SEE RULE
THE GAME
SECTION I
PART 2
16 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
1.1
D.1a, D.1b,
D.2
1.1, 1.3
1.3
D.2
1.2.2
1.1
1
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
SEE RULE
RULE
1 PLAYING AREA
The playing area includes the playing court and the free zone. It shall be rectangular and symmetrical.
1.1 DIMENSIONS
The playing court is a rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides.
The free playing space is the space above the playing area which is free from any obstructions. The free playing space shall measure a minimum of 7 m in height from the playing surface.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the free zone shall measure a minimum of 5 m from the sidelines and 8 m from the end lines. The free playing space shall measure a minimum of 12.5 m in height from the playing
surface.
1.2 PLAYING SURFACE
1.2.1 The surface must be flat, horizontal and uniform. It must not present any danger of injury to the players. It is forbidden to play on rough or slippery surfaces.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, only a wooden or synthetic surface
is allowed. Any surface must be previously approved by the FIVB.
1.2.2 On indoor courts the surface of the playing court must be of a light colour.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, white colours are required for the lines. Other colours, different from each other, are required for the playing court and the free zone.
1.2.3 On outdoor courts a slope of 5 mm per metre is allowed for drainage. Court lines made of solid materials are forbidden.
1.3 LINES ON THE COURT
1.3.1 All lines are 5 cm wide. They must be of a light colour which is different from the colour of the floor and from any other lines.
1.3.2 Boundary lines
Two sidelines and two end lines mark the playing court. Both sidelines and end lines are drawn inside the dimensions of the playing court.
CHAPTER ONE
17
RULE SEE RULE
D.2
1.3.3, 1.4.1
D.2
D.1b, D.2
1.3.3, 1.3.4
1.1, 1.3.2
1.3.2,
D.1b
1.1
1.3.4,
D.1b
D.1a, D.1b
D.1a, D.1b
1.3.3 Centre line
The axis of the centre line divides the playing court into two equal courts measuring 9 x 9 m each; however the entire width of the line is considered to belong to both courts equally. This line extends beneath the net from sideline to sideline.
1.3.4 Attack line
On each court, an attack line, whose rear edge is drawn 3 m back from the axis of the centre line, marks the front zone.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the attack line is extended by the addition of broken lines from the sidelines, with five 15 cm short lines 5 cm wide, drawn 20 cm from each other to a total length of 1.75 m.
1.4 ZONES AND AREAS
1.4.1 Front zone
On each court the front zone is limited by the axis of the centre line and the rear edge of the attack line.
The front zone is considered to extend beyond the sidelines to the end of the free zone.
1.4.2 Service zone
The service zone is a 9 m wide area behind each end line.
It is laterally limited by two short lines, each 15 cm long, drawn 20 cm behind the end line as an extension of the sidelines. Both short lines are included in the width of the service zone.
In depth, the service zone extends to the end of the free zone.
1.4.3 Substitution zone
The substitution zone is limited by the extension of both attack lines up to the scorer’s table.
1.4.4 Warm-up area
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the warm-up areas, sized approximately
3 x 3 m, are located in both of the bench-side corners, outside
the free zone.
1.4.5 Penalty area
A penalty area, sized approximately 1 x 1 m and equipped with two chairs, is located in the control area, outside the prolongation of each end line. They may be limited by a 5 cm wide red line.
18 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE
SEE RULE
1.
D.3
1.3.3
1.1, 1.3.2,
2.1.1
D.3
1.3.2,
D.3
1.5 TEMPERATURE
The minimum temperature shall not be below 10° C (50° F).
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the maximum temperature shall not be higher than 25° C (77° F) and the minimum not lower than 16° C (61° F).
1.6 LIGHTING
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the lighting on the playing area should be 1000 to 1500 lux measured at 1 m above the surface of the playing area.
2 NET AND POSTS
2.1 HEIGHT OF THE NET
2.1.1 Placed vertically over the centre line there is a net whose top is set at the height of 2.43 m for men and 2.24 m for women.
2.1.2 Its height is measured from the centre of the playing court. The net height (over the two sidelines) must be exactly the same and must not exceed the official height by more than 2 cm.
2.2 STRUCTURE
The net is 1 m wide and 9.50 to 10 metres long (with 25 to 50 cm on each side of the side bands), made of 10 cm square black mesh.
At its top a horizontal band, 7 cm wide, made of two-fold white canvas, is sewn along its full length. Each extreme end of the band has a hole, through which passes a cord, fastening the band to the posts for keeping its top taut.
Within the band, a flexible cable fastens the net to the posts and keeps its top taut.
At the bottom of the net there is another horizontal band, 5cm wide, similar
to the top band, through which is threaded a rope. This rope fastens the net to the posts and keeps its lower part taut.
2.3 SIDE BANDS
Two white bands are fastened vertically to the net and placed directly above each sideline.
They are 5 cm wide and 1 m long, and are considered as part of the net.
2.4 ANTENNAE
An antenna is a flexible rod, 1.80 m long and 10 mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material.
19
RULE SEE RULE
2.3,
D.3
10.1.1,
D.3, D.5
D.3
3.1
D.10
An antenna is fastened at the outer edge of each side band. The antennae are placed on opposite sides of the net.
The top 80 cm of each antenna extends above the net and is marked with 10 cm stripes of contrasting colour, preferably red and white.
The antennae are considered as part of the net and laterally delimit the crossing space.
2.5 POSTS
2.5.1 The posts supporting the net are placed at a distance of 0.50 -1.00 m outside
the sidelines. They are 2.55 m high and preferably adjustable.
For all FIVB World and Official Competitions, the posts supporting the net are placed at a distance of 1 m outside the sidelines.
2.5.2 The posts are rounded and smooth, fixed to the ground without wires. There shall be no dangerous or obstructing devices.
2.6 ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
All additional equipment is determined by FIVB regulations.
3 BALLS
3.1 STANDARDS
The ball shall be spherical, made of a flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a bladder inside made of rubber or a similar material.
Its colour may be a uniform light colour, or a combination of colours.
Synthetic leather material and colour combinations of balls used in International
Official competitions should comply with FIVB standards.
Its circumference is 65-67 cm and its weight is 260-280 g.
Its inside pressure shall be 0.30 to 0.325 kg/cm2 (4.26 to 4.61 psi) (294.3 to 318.82 mbar or hPa).
3.2 UNIFORMITY OF BALLS
All balls used in a match must have the same standards regarding circumference,
weight, pressure, type, colour, etc.
FIVB World and Official Competitions, as well as National or League Championships
must be played with FIVB approved balls, unless by agreement of FIVB.
3.3 THREE-BALL SYSTEM
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, three balls shall be used. In this case, six ball retrievers are stationed, one at each corner of the free zone and one behind each referee.
20 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
2
CHAPTER TWO
PARTICIPANTS
SEE RULE
RULE
5.2, 5.3
5.1,
19.1.3
1.,
5.1.1,
5.2.2
1.4.4,
5.2.3,
7.3.3
D.1a, D.1b
4.1.1, 7.2
1.4.4, 8.1,
D.1a, D.1b
1.3.3, 15.4
18.1
4.1,
19.2
4 TEAMS
4.1 TEAM COMPOSITION
4.1.1 A team may consist of a maximum of 12 players, one coach, one assistant coach, one trainer and one medical doctor.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the medical doctor must be accredited beforehand by the FIVB.
4.1.2 One of the players, other than the Libero, is the team captain, who shall be indicated on the scoresheet.
4.1.3 Only the players recorded on the scoresheet may enter the court and play in the match. Once the coach and the team captain have signed the
scoresheet, the recorded players cannot be changed.
4.2 LOCATION OF THE TEAM
4.2.1 The players not in play should either sit on their team bench or be in their warm-up area. The coach and other team members sit on the bench, but may temporarily leave it.
The benches for the teams are located beside the scorer’s table, outside the free zone.
4.2.2 Only the team members are permitted to sit on the bench during the match and to participate in the warm-up session.
4.2.3 Players not in play may warm-up without balls as follows:
4.2.3.1 during play: in the warm-up areas;
4.2.3.2 during time-outs and technical time-outs: in the free zone behind their court.
4.2.4 During set intervals, players may warm-up using balls in the free zone.
4.3 EQUIPMENT
A player’s equipment consists of a jersey, shorts, socks (the uniform) and sport shoes.
4.3.1 The colour and the design for the jerseys, shorts and socks must be uniform
for the team (except for the Libero). The uniforms must be clean.
4.3.2 The shoes must be light and pliable with rubber or leather soles without
heels.
For Senior FIVB World and Official Competitions, it is forbidden to wear shoes with black marking soles. Jerseys and shorts should comply with FIVB standards.
21
RULE SEE RULE
5.1
19.2
23
4.3, 15.5
4.1.1, 19.2
4.3.3 Players’ jerseys must be numbered from 1 to 18.
4.3.3.1 The number must be placed on the jersey at the centre of the front and of the back. The colour and brightness of the numbers must contrast with the colour and brightness of the jerseys.
4.3.3.2 The number must be a minimum of 15 cm in height on the chest and a minimum of 20 cm in height on the back. The stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 2 cm in width.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, the player’s number shall be repeated on the right leg of the shorts. The number must be of 4 to 6 cm in height and the stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 1 cm in width.
4.3.4 The team captain must have on his/her jersey a stripe of 8 x 2 cm underlining
the number on the chest.
4.3.5 It is forbidden to wear uniforms of a colour different from that of the other players (except for the Libero), and/or without official numbers.
4.4 CHANGE OF EQUIPMENT
The first referee may authorize one or more players:
4.4.1 to play barefoot,
For FIVB World and Official Competitions it is forbidden to play barefoot.
4.4.2 to change wet or damaged uniforms between sets or after substitution, provided that the colour, design and number of the new uniform(s) are the same,
4.4.3 to play in training suits in cold weather, provided that they are of the same colour and design for the whole team (except for the Libero) and numbered
according to Rule 4.3.3.
4.5 FORBIDDEN OBJECTS
4.5.1 It is forbidden to wear objects which may cause injury, or give an artificial advantage to the player.
4.5.2 Players may wear glasses or lenses at their own risk.
22 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
20
19.1.3
7.1,
25.2.1.1
6.2,
19.1.3
8.2
23.2.4
4.3, 4.4.2
7.4
1.2, 2, 3
15.2.1, 15.4, 15.5
6.3
25.2.3.3
5.1.2.1,
25.2.3.2
1.1, 7.3.2,
15.4, 15.5
5 TEAM LEADERS
Both the team captain and the coach are responsible for the conduct and discipline of their team members.
The Libero cannot be the team captain.
5.1 CAPTAIN
5.1.1 PRIOR TO THE MATCH, the team captain signs the scoresheet and represents
his/her team in the toss.
5.1.2 DURING THE MATCH and while on the court, the team captain is the game captain. When the team captain is not on the court, the coach or the team captain must assign another player on the court, but not the Libero, to assume the role of game captain. This game captain maintains his/her responsibilities
until he/she is substituted, or the team captain returns to play, or the set ends.
When the ball is out of play, only the game captain is authorized to speak to the referees:
5.1.2.1 to ask for an explanation on the application or interpretation of the Rules, and also to submit the requests or questions of his/her team-mates. If the game captain does not agree with the explanation of the first referee, he/she may choose to protest against such decision and immediately indicates
to the first referee that he/she reserves the right to record an official
protest on the scoresheet at the end of the match;
5.1.2.2 to ask authorization:
a) to change all or part of the equipment,
b) to verify the positions of the teams,
c) to check the floor, the net, the ball, etc.;
5.1.2.3 to request time-outs and substitutions.
5.1.3 AT THE END OF THE MATCH, the team captain:
5.1.3.1 thanks the referees and signs the scoresheet to ratify the outcome;
5.1.3.2 when it has been notified in due time to the first referee, may confirm and record on the scoresheet an official protest regarding the referee’s application
or interpretation of the Rules.
5.2 COACH
5.2.1 Throughout the match, the coach conducts the play of his/her team from outside the playing court. He/she selects the starting line-ups, their substitutes,
and takes time-outs. In these functions his/her contacting official is the second referee.
23
RULE SEE RULE
4.1,
25.2.1.1
7.3.2
4.2
15.4, 15.5
1.3.4,
1.4.4
5.1.2,
5.2
5.2.2 PRIOR TO THE MATCH, the coach records or checks the names and numbers
of his/her players on the scoresheet, and then signs it.
5.2.3 DURING THE MATCH, the coach:
5.2.3.1 prior to each set, gives the second referee or the scorer the line-up sheet(s) duly filled in and signed;
5.2.3.2 sits on the team bench nearest to the scorer, but may leave it;
5.2.3.3 requests time-outs and substitutions;
5.2.3.4 may, as well as other team members, give instructions to the players on the court. The coach may give these instructions while standing or walking within the free zone in front of his/her team’s bench from the extension of the attack line up to the warm-up area, without disturbing or delaying the match.
5.3 ASSISTANT COACH
5.3.1 The assistant coach sits on the team bench, but has no right to intervene in the match.
5.3.2 Should the coach have to leave his/her team, the assistant coach may, at the request of the game captain and with the authorization of the first referee, assume the coach’s functions.
24 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
6 TO SCORE A POINT, TO WIN A SET AND THE MATCH
6.1 TO SCORE A POINT
6.1.1 Point
A team scores a point:
6.1.1.1 by successfully grounding the ball on the opponent’s court;
6.1.1.2 when the opponent team commits a fault;
6.1.1.3 when the opponent team receives a penalty.
6.1.2 Fault
A team commits a fault by making a playing action contrary to the rules (or by violating them in some other way). The referees judge the faults and determine the consequences according to the Rules:
6.1.2.1 If two or more faults are committed successively, only the first one is counted.
6.1.2.2 If two or more faults are committed by opponents simultaneously,
a DOUBLE FAULT is called and the rally is replayed.
6.1.3 Consequences of winning a rally
A rally is the sequence of playing actions from the moment of the service hit by the server until the ball is out of play.
6.1.3.1 if the serving team wins a rally, it scores a point and continues to serve;
6.1.3.2 if the receiving team wins a rally, it scores a point and it must serve next.
6.2 TO WIN A SET
A set (except the deciding, 5th set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead of two points. In the case of a 24-24 tie, play is continued until a two-point lead is achieved (26-24; 27-25; &hellip
.
6.3 TO WIN THE MATCH
6.3.1 The match is won by the team that wins three sets.
6.3.2 In the case of a 2-2 tie, the deciding set (the 5th) is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points.
6.4 DEFAULT AND INCOMPLETE TEAM
6.4.1 If a team refuses to play after being summoned to do so, it is declared in default and forfeits the match with the result 0-3 for the match and 0-25 for each set.
3
PLAYING FORMAT
CHAPTER THREE
8.3, 10.1.1
6.1.2, D11 (23)
16.2.3, 21.3.1
D.11 (23)
8.1, 8.2
D.11 (9)
6.3.2
D.11 (9)
6.2
7.1, 15.4.1
6.2, 6.3
SEE RULE
RULE
25
RULE SEE RULE
6.2, 6.3,
7.3.1
12.1.1
6.3.2
5.1
12.1.1
7.2
7.2.1
6.4.3
7.6
5.2.3.1, 19.1.2,
24.3.1, 25.2.1.2
7.3.2, 15.5,
19.1.2
6.4.2 A team that, without justifiable reason, does not appear on the playing court on time is declared in default with the same result as in Rule 6.4.1.
6.4.3 A team that is declared INCOMPLETE for the set or for the match, loses the set or the match. The opponent team is given the points, or the points and the sets, needed to win the set or the match. The incomplete team keeps its points and sets.
7 STRUCTURE OF PLAY
7.1 THE TOSS
Before the match, the first referee carries out a toss to decide upon the first service and the sides of the court in the first set.
If a deciding set is to be played, a new toss will be carried out.
7.1.1 The toss is taken in the presence of the two team captains.
7.1.2 The winner of the toss chooses:
EITHER
7.1.2.1 the right to serve or to receive the service,
OR
7.1.2.2 the side of the court.
The loser takes the remaining choice.
7.1.3 In the case of consecutive warm-ups, the team that has the first service takes the first turn at the net.
7.2 WARM-UP SESSION
7.2.1 Prior to the match, if the teams have previously had a playing court at their disposal, they are entitled to a 6-minute warm-up period together at the net; if not, they may have 10 minutes
7.2.2 If either captain requests separate (consecutive) warm-ups at the net, the teams may do so for 3 minutes each or 5 minutes each, according to Rule 7.2.1.
7.3 TEAM STARTING LINE-UP
7.3.1 There must always be six players per team in play.
The team’s starting line-up indicates the rotational order of the players on the court. This order must be maintained throughout the set.
7.3.2 Before the start of each set, the coach has to present the starting line-up of his/her team on a line-up sheet. The sheet is submitted, duly filled in and signed, to the second referee or the scorer.
7.3.3 The players who are not in the starting line-up of a set are the substitutes for that set (except for the Libero).
26 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
15.2.2, 15.5
24.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.2
15.2.2
D.4
7.6.1, 8.1,
12.4
D.4
1.3.3
1.3.2
11.2.2
D.4,
D.11 (13)
7.3, 7.4
12.4, 12.7.1
7.3.4 Once the line-up sheet has been delivered to the second referee or scorer, no change in line-up may be authorized without a regular substitution.
7.3.5 Discrepancies between players’ position on court and on the line-up sheet are dealt with as follows:
7.3.5.1 when such a discrepancy is discovered before the start of the set, players’ positions must be rectified according to that on the line-up sheet - there will be no sanction;
7.3.5.2 when, before the start of the set, a player on court is found not to be registered on the line-up sheet of that set, this player must be changed to conform to the line-up sheet - there will be no sanction;
7.3.5.3 however, if the coach wishes to keep such non-recorded player(s) on the court, he/she has to request regular substitution(s), which will then be recorded
on the scoresheet.
7.4 POSITIONS
At the moment the ball is hit by the server, each team must be positioned within its own court in the rotational order (except the server).
7.4.1 The positions of the players are numbered as follows:
7.4.1.1 the three players along the net are front-row players and occupy positions 4 (front-left), 3 (front-centre) and 2 (front-right);
7.4.1.2 the other three are back-row players occupying positions 5 (back-left), 6 (back-centre) and 1 (back-right).
7.4.2 Relative positions between players:
7.4.2.1 each back-row player must be positioned further back from the centre line than the corresponding front-row player;
7.4.2.2 the front-row players and the back-row players, respectively, must be positioned
laterally in the order indicated in Rule 7.4.1.
7.4.3 The positions of players are determined and controlled according to the positions of their feet contacting the ground as follows:
7.4.3.1 each front-row player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the centre line than the feet of the corresponding back-row player;
7.4.3.2 each right (left) side player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the right (left) sideline than the feet of the centre player in that row.
7.4.4 After the service hit, the players may move around and occupy any position
on their court, and the free zone.
7.5 POSITIONAL FAULT
7.5.1 The team commits a positional fault, if any player is not in his/her correct position at the moment the ball is hit by the server.
7.5.2 If the server commits a serving fault at the moment of the service hit, the server’s fault is counted before a positional fault.
27
RULE SEE RULE
12.7.2
6.1.3
7.3, 7.4
7.3.1, 7.4.1,
12.2
12.2.2.2
D.11 (13)
7.6.1, 12
6.1.3
7.6.1
25.2.2.2
6.1.3
7.5.3 If the service becomes faulty after the service hit, it is the positional fault that will be counted.
7.5.4 A positional fault leads to the following consequences:
7.5.4.1 the team is sanctioned with loss of rally;
7.5.4.2 players’ positions are rectified.
7.6 ROTATION
7.6.1 Rotational order is determined by the team’s starting line-up, and controlled
with the service order, and players’ positions, throughout the set.
7.6.2 When the receiving team has gained the right to serve, its players rotate one position clock-wise: the player in position 2 rotates to position 1 to serve, the player in position 1 rotates to position 6, etc.
7.7 ROTATIONAL FAULT
7.7.1 A rotational fault is committed when the SERVICE is not made according to the rotational order. It leads to the following consequences:
7.7.1.1 the team is sanctioned with a loss of rally;
7.7.1.2 the players’ rotational order is rectified.
7.7.2 Additionally, the scorer should determine the exact moment when the fault was committed and all points scored subsequently by the team at fault must be cancelled. The opponent’s points remain valid.
If that moment cannot be determined, no point(s) cancellation takes place, and loss of rally is the only sanction.
28 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE
SEE RULE
12.3
D.11 (14), D.12 (1)
1.1, 1.3.2
D.11 (15)
1.3.2,
D.12 (2)
D.12 (4)
2.3,
D.5, D.12 (4)
10.1.1,
D.5, D.12 (4)
23.3.2.3,
D.5,
D.11 (22)
14.2; 14.4.2
8 STATES OF PLAY
8.1 BALL IN PLAY
The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service authorized by the first referee.
8.2 BALL OUT OF PLAY
The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by one of the referees; in the absence of a fault, at the moment of the whistle.
8.3 BALL “IN”
The ball is “in” when it touches the floor of the playing court including the boundary lines.
8.4 BALL “OUT”
The ball is “out” when:
8.4.1 the part of the ball which contacts the floor is completely outside the boundary lines;
8.4.2 it touches an object outside the court, the ceiling or a person out of play;
8.4.3 it touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the side bands;
8.4.4 it crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally outside the crossing space, except in the case of Rule 10.1.2;
8.4.5 it crosses completely the lower space under the net.
9 PLAYING THE BALL
Each team must play within its own playing area and space (except Rule 10.1.2). The ball may, however, be retrieved from beyond the free zone.
9.1 TEAM HITS
A hit is any contact with the ball by a player in play.
The team is entitled to a maximum of three hits (in addition to blocking, Rule 14.4.1), for returning the ball. If more are used, the team commits the fault of: ”FOUR HITS”.
9.1.1 CONSECUTIVE CONTACTS
A player may not hit the ball two times consecutively
(except Rules 9.2.3, 14.2 and 14.4.2).
4
PLAYING ACTIONS
CHAPTER FOUR
29
RULE SEE RULE
9.1.2 SIMULTANEOUS CONTACTS
Two or three players may touch the ball at the same moment.
9.1.2.1 When two (three) team-mates touch the ball simultaneously, it is counted as two (three) hits (with the exception of blocking). If they reach for the ball, but only one of them touches it, one hit is counted. A collision of players
does not constitute a fault.
9.1.2.2 When two opponents touch the ball simultaneously over the net and the ball remains in play, the team receiving the ball is entitled to another three hits. If such a ball goes “out”, it is the fault of the team on the opposite side.
9.1.2.3 If simultaneous hits by two opponents over the net lead to a “CATCH”, it is a “DOUBLE FAULT” and the rally is replayed.
9.1.3 ASSISTED HIT
Within the playing area, a player is not permitted to take support from a team-mate or any structure/object in order to reach the ball.
However, a player who is about to commit a fault (touch the net or cross the centre line, etc.) may be stopped or held back by a team-mate.
9.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIT
9.2.1 The ball may touch any part of the body.
9.2.2 The ball must not be caught and/or thrown. It can rebound in any direction.
9.2.3 The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously.
Exceptions:
9.2.3.1 at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more blocker(s) provided that the contacts occur during one action;
9.2.3.2 at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively provided that the contacts occur during one action.
9.3 FAULTS IN PLAYING THE BALL
9.3.1 FOUR HITS: a team hits the ball four times before returning it.
9.3.2 ASSISTED HIT: a player takes support from a team-mate or any structure/object in order to reach the ball within the playing area.
9.3.3 CATCH: the ball is caught and/or thrown; it does not rebound from the hit
9.3.4 DOUBLE CONTACT: a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various parts of his/her body in succession.
6.1.2.2,
9.2.2
1.
14.1.1,
14.2
9.1,
14.4.1
9.1, D.11 (1
9.1.3
9.2.2, D.11 (16)
9.2.3,
D.11 (17)
30 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
10 BALL AT THE NET
10.1 BALL CROSSING THE NET
10.1.1 The ball sent to the opponent’s court must go over the net within the crossing space. The crossing space is the part of the vertical plane of the net limited as follows:
10.1.1.1 below, by the top of the net;
10.1.1.2 at the sides, by the antennae, and their imaginary extension;
10.1.1.3 above, by the ceiling.
10.1.2 The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent’s free zone totally or partly through the external space, may be played back within the team hits, provided that:
10.1.2.1 the opponent’s court is not touched by the player;
10.1.2.2 the ball, when played back, crosses the net plane again totally or partly through the external space on the same side of the court.
The opponent team may not prevent such action.
10.2 BALL TOUCHING THE NET
While crossing the net, the ball may touch it.
10.3 BALL IN THE NET
10.3.1 A ball driven into the net may be recovered within the limits of the three team hits.
10.3.2 If the ball rips the mesh of the net or tears it down, the rally is cancelled and replayed.
11 PLAYER AT THE NET
11.1 REACHING BEYOND THE NET
11.1.1 In blocking, a blocker may touch the ball beyond the net, provided that he/she does not interfere with the opponents’ play before or during the latter’s attack hit.
11.1.2 After an attack hit, a player is permitted to pass his/her hand beyond the net, provided that the contact has been made within his/her own playing space.
11.2 PENETRATION UNDER THE NET
11.2.1 It is permitted to penetrate into the opponents’ space under the net, provided
that this does not interfere with the opponents’ play.
11.2.2 Penetration into the opponent’s court, beyond the centre line:
10.2,
D.5
2.2
2.4
9.1
11.2.2
10.1.1
9.1
14.1,
14.3
1.3.3,
D.11 (22)
31
RULE SEE RULE
11.2.2.1 To touch the opponent’s court with a foot (feet) or hand(s) is permitted, provided that some part of the penetrating foot (feet) or hand(s) remains either in contact with or directly above the centre line.
11.2.2.2 To contact the opponent’s court with any other part of the body is forbidden.
11.2.3 A player may enter the opponent’s court after the ball goes out of play.
11.2.4 Players may penetrate into the opponent’s free zone provided that they do not interfere with the opponents’ play.
11.3 CONTACT WITH THE NET
11.3.1 Contact with the net by a player is not a fault, unless it is made during the action of playing the ball, or it interferes with the play.
Some actions of playing the ball may include actions in which the players do not actually touch the ball.
11.3.2 Once the player has hit the ball, he/she may touch the post, rope or any other object outside the total length of the net provided that it does not interfere with play.
11.3.3 When the ball is driven into the net and causes it to touch an opponent, no fault is committed.
11.4 PLAYER’S FAULTS AT THE NET
11.4.1 A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponents’ space before or during the opponents’ attack hit.
11.4.2 A player penetrates into the opponents’ space under the net, interfering with the latter’s play.
11.4.3 A player penetrates into the opponents’ court.
11.4.4 A player touches the net or the antenna during his/her action of playing the ball or interferes with the play.
12 SERVICE
The service is the act of putting the ball into play, by the back right player, placed in the service zone.
12.1 FIRST SERVICE IN A SET
12.1.1 The first service of the first set, as well as that of the deciding set (the 5th) is executed by the team determined by the toss.
12.1.2 The other sets will be started with the service of the team that did not serve first in the previous set.
1.3.3
11.2.2.1
D.11 (22)
8.2
11.4.4,
24.3.2.3
11.1.1,
D.11 (20)
11.2.1
11.2.2.2
11.3.1,
D.11 (19)
8.1,
12.4.1
6.3.2, 7.1
32 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
12.2 SERVICE ORDER
12.2.1 The players must follow the service order recorded on the line-up sheet.
12.2.2 After the first service in a set, the player to serve is determined as follows:
12.2.2.1 when the serving team wins the rally, the player (or his/her substitute) who served before, serves again;
12.2.2.2 when the receiving team wins the rally, it gains the right to serve and rotates
before actually serving. The player who moves from the front right position to the back-right position will serve.
12.3 AUTHORIZATION OF THE SERVICE
The first referee authorizes the service, after having checked that the two teams are ready to play and that the server is in possession of the ball.
12.4 EXECUTION OF THE SERVICE
12.4.1 The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the hand(s).
12.4.2 Only one toss or release of the ball is allowed. Dribbling or moving the ball in the hands is permitted.
12.4.3 At the moment of the service hit or take-off for a jump service, the server must not touch the court (the end line included) or the floor outside the service zone.
After the hit, he/she may step or land outside the service zone, or inside the court.
12.4.4 The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the first referee whistles
for service.
12.4.5 A service executed before the referee’s whistle is cancelled and repeated.
12.5 SCREENING
12.5.1 The players of the serving team must not prevent their opponent, through individual or collective screening, from seeing the server or the flight path of the ball.
12.5.2 A player, or group of players, of the serving team makes a screen by waving
arms, jumping or moving sideways, during the execution of the service, or by standing grouped to hide the flight path of the ball.
12.6 FAULTS MADE DURING THE SERVICE
12.6.1 Serving faults
The following faults lead to a change of service even if the opponent is out of position. The server:
12.6.1.1 violates the service order,
12.6.1.2 does not execute the service properly.
7.3.1,
7.3.2
12.1
6.1.3, 15.5
6.1.3, 7.6.2
12,
D.11 (1, 2)
D.11 (10)
1.4.2,
D.12 (4)
12.3,
D.11 (11)
12.3
D.11 (12)
12.5.2
12.4,
D.6
12.2.2.2,
12.7.1
12.2
12.4
33
RULE SEE RULE
12.6.2 Faults after the service hit
After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault (unless a player is out of position) if the ball:
12.6.2.1 touches a player of the serving team or fails to cross the vertical plane of the net completely through the crossing space;
12.6.2.2 goes “out”;
12.6.2.3 passes over a screen.
12.7 FAULTS MADE AFTER THE SERVICE AND POSITIONAL FAULTS
12.7.1 If the server makes a fault at the moment of the service hit (improper execution,
wrong rotational order, etc.) and the opponent is out of position, it is the serving fault which is sanctioned.
12.7.2 Instead, if the execution of the service has been correct, but the service subsequently becomes faulty (goes out, goes over a screen, etc.), the positional
fault has taken place first and is sanctioned.
13 ATTACK HIT
13.1 ATTACK HIT
13.1.1 All actions which direct the ball towards the opponents, with the exception of service and block, are considered as attack hits.
13.1.2 During an attack hit, tipping is permitted only if the ball is cleanly hit, and not caught or thrown.
13.1.3 An attack hit is completed at the moment the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of the net or is touched by an opponent.
13.2 RESTRICTIONS OF THE ATTACK HIT
13.2.1 A front-row player may complete an attack hit at any height, provided that the contact with the ball has been made within the player’s own playing space (except Rule 13.2.4).
13.2.2 A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height from behind the front zone:
13.2.2.1 at his/her take-off, the player’s foot (feet) must neither have touched nor crossed over the attack line;
13.2.2.2 after his/her hit, the player may land within the front zone.
13.2.3 A back-row player may also complete an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the contact the ball is not entirely higher than the top of the net.
13.2.4 No player is permitted to complete an attack hit on the opponents’ service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
12.4,
12.7.2
8.4.4, 8.4.5,
10.1.1, D.11 (19)
8.4
12.5
7.5.1,
7.5.2,
12.6.1
7.5.3,
12.6.2
12, 14.1.1
D2
9.2.2
7.4.1.1
1.4.1, 7.4.1.2,
19.3.1.2, D.8
1.3.4
1.4.1
1.4.1,
7.4.1.2,
D.8
1.4.1
34 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
13.3 FAULTS OF THE ATTACK HIT
13.3.1 A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team.
13.3.2 A player hits the ball “out”.
13.3.3 A back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
13.3.4 A player completes an attack hit on the opponent’s service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
13.3.5 A Libero completes an attack hit if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
13.3.6 A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/her front zone.
14 BLOCK
14.1 BLOCKING
14.1.1 Blocking is the action of players close to the net to intercept the ball coming
from the opponents by reaching higher than the top of the net. Only front-row players are permitted to complete a block.
14.1.2 Block Attempt
A block attempt is the action of blocking without touching the ball.
14.1.3 Completed Block
A block is completed whenever the ball is touched by a blocker.
14.1.4 Collective Block
A collective block is executed by two or three players close to each other and is completed when one of them touches the ball.
14.2 BLOCK CONTACT
Consecutive (quick and continuous) contacts with the ball may occur by one or more blockers provided that the contacts are made during one action.
14.3 BLOCKING WITHIN THE OPPONENT’S SPACE
In blocking, the player may place his/her hands and arms beyond the net provided that this action does not interfere with the opponents’ play. Thus, it is not permitted to touch the ball beyond the net until an opponent has executed an attack hit.
14.4 BLOCK AND TEAM HITS
14.4.1 A block contact is not counted as a team hit. Consequently, after a block contact, a team is entitled to three hits to return the ball.
14.4.2 The first hit after the block may be executed by any player, including the one who has touched the ball during the block.
13.2.1
8.4
1.4.1, 7.4.1.2,
13.2.3, D.11 (21)
13.2.4,
D.11 (21)
19.3.1.2,
D.11 (21)
19.3.1.4,
D.11 (21)
7.4.1
D.7
9.1.1; 9.2.3
13.1.1
9.1
35
RULE SEE RULE
14.5 BLOCKING THE SERVICE
To block an opponent’s service is forbidden.
14.6 BLOCKING FAULTS
14.6.1 The blocker touches the ball in the opponents’ space either before or simultaneously
with the opponents’ attack hit.
14.6.2 A back-row player or a Libero completes a block or participates in a completed
block.
14.6.3 Blocking the opponents’ service.
14.6.4 The ball is sent “out” off the block.
14.6.5 Blocking the ball in the opponents’ space from outside the antenna.
14.6.6 A Libero attempts an individual or collective block.
D.11 (12)
14.3
14.1, 14.5,
19.3.1.3
14.5
8.4
14.1,
19.3.1.3
36 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE
SEE RULE
5
15 REGULAR GAME INTERRUPTIONS
Regular game interruptions are TIME-OUTS and PLAYER SUBSTITUTIONS.
15.1 NUMBER OF REGULAR INTERRUPTIONS
Each team is entitled to request a maximum of two time-outs and six player
substitutions per set.
15.2 REQUEST FOR REGULAR INTERRUPTIONS
15.2.1 Interruptions may be requested by the coach or the game captain, and only by them.
The request is made by showing the corresponding hand signal, when the ball is out of play and before the whistle for service.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions it is obligatory to use the buzzer
and then the hand signal to request time-out.
15.2.2 Substitution before the start of a set is permitted, and should be recorded as a regular substitution in that set.
15.3 SEQUENCE OF INTERRUPTIONS
15.3.1 Request for one or two time-outs, and one request for player substitution
by either team may follow one another, with no need to resume the game.
15.3.2 However, a team is not authorized to make consecutive requests for player
substitution during the same game interruption. Two or more players may be substituted during the same interruption.
15.4 TIME-OUTS AND TECHNICAL TIME-OUTS
15.4.1 All time-outs that are requested last for 30 seconds.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, in sets 1-4, two additional 60-second “Technical Time-Outs” are applied automatically when the leading
team reaches the 8th and 16th points.
In the deciding (5th) set, there are no “Technical Time-Outs”; only two time-outs of 30 seconds duration may be requested by each team.
15.4.2 During all time-outs, the players in play must go to the free zone near their bench.
15.4, 15.5
6.2, 15.4,
15.5
5.1.2, 5.2,
15
8.2, 12.3,
D.11 (4, 5)
7.3.4
15.4, 15.5
15.5, 15.6.1
D.11 (4)
15.3.1
6.3.2
CHAPTER FIVE
INTERRUPTIONS & DELAYS
37
RULE SEE RULE
15.5 SUBSTITUTION OF PLAYERS
A substitution is the act by which a player, other than the Libero or his/her replacement player, after being recorded by the scorer, enters the game to occupy the position of another player, who must leave the court at that moment. Substitution requires the referee’s authorization.
15.6 LIMITATION OF SUBSTITUTIONS
15.6.1 Six substitutions is the maximum permitted per team per set. One or more players may be substituted at the same time.
15.6.2 A player of the starting line-up, may leave the game, but only once in a set, and re-enter, but only once in a set, and only to his/her previous position in the line-up.
15.6.3 A substitute player may enter the game in place of a player of the starting line-up, but only once per set, and he/she can only be substituted by the same starting player.
15.7 EXCEPTIONAL SUBSTITUTION
An injured player (except the Libero), who cannot continue playing should be substituted legally. If this is not possible, the team is entitled to make an EXCEPTIONAL substitution, beyond the limits of Rule 15.6.
An exceptional substitution means that any player who is not on the court at the time of the injury, except the Libero or his/her replacement player, may substitute into the game for the injured player. The substituted injured
player is not allowed to re-enter the match.
An exceptional substitution cannot be counted in any case as a regular substitution.
15.8 SUBSTITUTION FOR EXPULSION OR DISQUALIFICATION
An EXPELLED or DISQUALIFIED player must be substituted through a legal
substitution. If this is not possible, the team is declared INCOMPLETE.
15.9 ILLEGAL SUBSTITUTION
15.9.1 A substitution is illegal, if it exceeds the limitations indicated in Rule 15.6 (except the case of Rule 15.7).
15.9.2 When a team has made an illegal substitution and the play has been resumed
the following procedure shall apply:
15.9.2.1 the team is penalized with loss of rally,
15.9.2.2 the substitution is rectified,
15.9.2.3 the points scored by the team at fault since the fault was committed are cancelled. The opponents’ points remain valid.
15.10 SUBSTITUTION PROCEDURE
15.10.1 Substitution must be carried out within the substitution zone.
D.11 (5)
D.11 (5)
15.10, 19.3.2
7.3.1
7.3.1
15.6,
19.3.3
6.4.3, 7.3.1,
15.6, 21.3.2,
21.3.3
8.1
6.1.3
1.4.3,
D.1b
38 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
15.10.2 A substitution shall only last the time needed for recording the substitution
on the scoresheet, and allowing entry and exit of the players.
15.10.3 At the moment of the substitution request, the substitute player(s) must be ready to enter the court, standing close to the substitution zone.
If that is not the case, the substitution is not granted and the team is sanctioned
for a delay.
For FIVB World and Official Competitions, numbered paddles are used to facilitate the substitution.
15.10.4 If a team intends to make simultaneously more than one substitution, the number of substitutions must be indicated at the time of the request. In this case, substitutions must be made in succession, one pair of players after another.
15.11 IMPROPER REQUESTS
15.11.1 It is improper to request an interruption:
15.11.1.1 during a rally or at the moment of, or after the whistle to serve,
15.11.1.2 by a non-authorized team member,
15.11.1.3 for player substitution before the game has been resumed from a previous substitution by the same team,
15.11.1.4 after having exhausted the authorized number of time-outs and player substitutions.
15.11.2 The first improper request in the match that does not affect or delay the game shall be rejected without any other consequences.
15.11.3 Repeated improper request in the match constitutes a delay.
16 GAME DELAYS
16.1 TYPES OF DELAYS
An improper action of a team that defers resumption of the game is a delay and includes, among others:
16.1.1 delaying a substitution,
16.1.2 prolonging other interruptions, after having been instructed to resume the game
16.1.3 requesting an illegal substitution,
16.1.4 repeating an improper request,
16.1.5 delaying the game by a team member.
16.2 DELAY SANCTIONS
16.2.1 “Delay warning” and “delay penalty” are team sanctions.
16.2.1.1 Delay sanctions remain in force for the entire match.
15.10.3,
25.2.2.3
1.4.3, 7.3.3,
15.6.3
16.2
5.2,
15.2.1,
15.3.2
15
6.1.3, 15.2.1
15.2.1
15.3.2
15.1
16.1
16
15.10.2
15
15.9
15.11.2
6.3,
39
RULE SEE RULE
16.2.1.2 All delay sanctions are recorded on the scoresheet.
16.2.2 The first delay in the match by a team member is sanctioned with a “DELAY
WARNING”.
16.2.3 The second and subsequent delays of any type by any member of the same team in the same match constitute a fault and are sanctioned with a “DELAY PENALTY”: loss of rally.
16.2.4 Delay sanctions imposed before or between sets are applied in the following
set.
17 EXCEPTIONAL GAME INTERRUPTIONS
17.1 INJURY
17.1.1 Should a serious accident occur while the ball is in play, the referee must stop the game immediately and permit medical assistance to enter the court.
The rally is then replayed.
17.1.2 If an injured player cannot be substituted, legally or exceptionally, the player is given a 3-minute recovery time, but not more than once for the same player in the match.
If the player does not recover, his/her team is declared incomplete.
17.2 EXTERNAL INTERFERENCE
If there is any external interference during the game, play has to be stopped and the rally is replayed.
17.3 PROLONGED INTERRUPTIONS
17.3.1 If unforeseen circumstances interrupt the match, the first referee, the organizer
and the Control Committee, if there is one, shall decide the measures
to be taken to re-establish normal conditions.
17.3.2 Should one or several interruptions occur, not exceeding 4 hours in total:
17.3.2.1 if the match is resumed on the same playing court, the interrupted set shall continue normally with the same score, players and positions. The sets already played will keep their scores;
17.3.2.2 if the match is resumed on another playing court, the interrupted set is cancelled and replayed with the same team members and the same starting
line-ups. The sets already played will keep their scores.
17.3.3 Should one or several interruptions occur, exceeding 4 hours in total, the whole match shall be replayed.
25.2.2.6
4.1.1, 6.3,
D.11 (25)
6.1.3,
D.11 (25)
6.3, 18.1
8.1
6.1.3
6.3, 15.6,
15.7
6.4.3,
7.3.1
6.1.3
6.3
17.3.1
1., 7.3
7.3
6.3
40 Official Volleyball Rules • 2005-2008
RULE SEE RULE
18 INTERVALS AND CHANGE OF COURTS
18.1 INTERVALS
All intervals between sets last three minutes.
During this period of time, the change of courts and line-up registrations of the teams on the scoresheet are made.
The interval between the second and the third sets can be extended up to 10 minutes by the competent body at the request of the organizer.
18.2 CHANGE OF COURTS
18.2.1 After each set, the teams change courts, with the exception
of the deciding set.
18.2.2 In the deciding set, once the leading team reaches 8 points, the teams change courts without delay and the player positions remain the same.
If the change is not made once the leading team reaches 8 points, it will take place as soon as the error is noticed. The score at the time that the change is made remains the same.
6.2
18.2,
25.2.1.2
D.11 (3)
7.1
6.3.2,
7.4.1
41
RULE
SEE RULE
6
CHAPTER SIX
THE LIBERO PLAYER
19 THE LIBERO PLAYER
19.1 DESIGNATION OF THE LIBERO
19.1.1 Each team has the right to designate among the list of 12 players one (1) specialised defensive player “Libero”.
19.1.2 The Libero must be recorded on the scoresheet before the match in the special line reserved for this.
19.1.3 The Libero can be neither team captain nor game captain.
19.2 EQUIPMENT
The Libero player must wear a uniform (or jacket/bib for the re-designated
Libero) whose jersey at least must contrast in colour with that of the other members of the team. The Libero uniform may have a different design, but it must be numbered like the rest of the team members.
19.3 ACTIONS INVOLVING THE LIBERO
19.3.1 The playing actions
19.3.1.1 The Libero is allowed to replace any player in a back row position.
19.3.1.2 He/she is restricted to perform as a back row player and is not allowed to complete an attack hit from anywhere (including playing court and free zone) if at the moment of the contact, the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
19.3.1.3 He/she may not serve, block or attempt to block.
19.3.1.4 A player may not complete an attack hit from higher than the top of the net, if the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/her front zone or its extension. The ball may be freely attacked if the Libero makes the same action from outside his/her front zone or its extension.
19.3.2 Replacements of players
19.3.2.1 Replacements involving the Libero are not counted as regular substitutions.
They are unlimited, but there must be a rally between two Libero replacements.
The Liber
.
